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Timios Stavros (Holy Cross), the peak of Psiloritis
Timios Stavros is the summit of Psiloritis Mountain, and it is the roof of Crete. Located 2456 meters above sea level in the middle of Mediterranean, it is a challenge for every visitor and inhabitant of the island, a debt that should be fulfilled.
From its peak, this narrow and elongated mountain chain permits a panoramic view over the whole island. The steep cliffs at the south and west bring the Mesara and the Amari right in front of the visitor’s feet. The Kedros and Kouloukonas mountains look just like small twin brothers, while the Lefka Ori and Lassithi mountains rise just like walls both to the west and to the east respectively.
It is possible to ascend to the peak from every side of the mountain. It can be done either from the Nida plateau, from the Fourfouras and Kouroutes villages following the E4 hiking trails, through the Zoniana and Livadia villages from the north, and from the Arkadi area in the west.
On the peak, the chapel of Timios Stavros (Holy Cross) is a replica of a mitato and a refuge for the climbers to protect themselves from the cold winds or the very strong chill of the night, but most definitely their favorite destination all year long.
The village is the seat of the municipal district. It is located at an altitude of 600m and was built the 13th century. The settlement is reported, during Venetian rule, by Barozzi, Kastrofilaka and Basilicata. It is one of few villages in Crete, where there is an increase of population happening during the last few years.
It is one of the more important livestock farming villages of Milopotamos, with 28.000 to 30.000 sheep and goats. It also produces raisins. Finally, the last few years it has seen an impressive growth in the craft of weaving.
The villagers have participated in the Revolution of 1866. Here, the General Assembly of Cretans (September 1868) signed a resolution, addressed to the Great Powers, informing them about the situation inCrete.
Timios Stavros (Holy Cross), the peak of Psiloritis
Timios Stavros is the summit of Psiloritis Mountain, and it is the roof of Crete. Located 2456 meters above sea level in the middle of Mediterranean, it is a challenge for every visitor and inhabitant of the island, a debt that should be fulfilled.
From its peak, this narrow and elongated mountain chain permits a panoramic view over the whole island. The steep cliffs at the south and west bring the Mesara and the Amari right in front of the visitor’s feet. The Kedros and Kouloukonas mountains look just like small twin brothers, while the Lefka Ori and Lassithi mountains rise just like walls both to the west and to the east respectively.
It is possible to ascend to the peak from every side of the mountain. It can be done either from the Nida plateau, from the Fourfouras and Kouroutes villages following the E4 hiking trails, through the Zoniana and Livadia villages from the north, and from the Arkadi area in the west.
On the peak, the chapel of Timios Stavros (Holy Cross) is a replica of a mitato and a refuge for the climbers to protect themselves from the cold winds or the very strong chill of the night, but most definitely their favorite destination all year long.
Zoniana village is a mountainous village of Milopotamos province belonging to Rethimnon Prefecture in Crete. It is built on the northern foot of Psiloritis mountain (Mount Ida) in an altitude of about 640 metres. It has a population of about 1,500 inhabitants, the majority of whom are occupied with agriculture and cattle-breeding. The legends and traditions which accompany it are lost in the depths of time. Through these pages one can find out how the village was named, how one can visit it, learn about its history, look at several of its pictures and some other interesting sights, and finally read some myths and legends related to it.The history of the village is lost in the depths of time since according to the legend its formation and name are closely related to Zeus. It also coincides with the history of Axos since the province of the village was part of its realm as well as the area of Anogeia.In 1577 Barozzi cites it as a separate settlement with the name So. Since then the separate history of the village begins for which, however, we do not have any written documents until 1821. Nevertheless, both the recent past and the present of Zoniana manifest its farther past. One thing is beyond the shadow of doubt: that it was never inhabited by Saracen, Venetian or Turkish conquerors, that its population has always been purely Greek and that it always took part whenever Greece called for help. In more detail, the inhabitants of Zoniana participated in the Revolution of 1770 in every way they could and also took care of persecuted Sfakians.In 1821 M. Melitakas from “Zou Lakko (Zoniana) Mylopotamou (it is written in one paint of him at Historical Museum of Heraklio, Crete )”, chieftain of Milopotamos province, fought against the Turks throughout Crete. He got injured in a battle in Brachimio and died because of that wound later. His name is reported at the Book of V. Psilakis “Istoria tis Kritis” page 320. In 1866 twenty inhabitants of Zoniana with Parassirogiorgis decided to leave the safety that the mountains offered them and go to Arcadi, where seventeen of them were killed.Six months later, on May 8 1867, the inhabitants of Zoniana along with those from Milopotamos stroke Omer Pasha Latas in Pera Chalepa. The Turks beat a hasty retreat and the inhabitants of Zoniana took a portable canon as loot, carried it to Zoniana and hid it. Today this canon is in the Maritime Museum of Crete in Chania. On the next day, May 9, the numerous Turkish army wore down the resistance of the inhabitants of Zoniana and entered the village. They interrogated the old and the sick who could not leave the place in order to find the canon. Since no one confessed, they slaughtered everyone and set the village in fire. Along with it the forest of the gorge was also burnt.In November of the same year Kumandar Redic Pasha tried to build a Tower in Kafkaloudi (Amigdalokefalo) like in all the other villages. He did not succeed to do so because the inhabitants of Zoniana did not leave him at ease. Day and night they attacked him and then left (klephtopolemos) and they decimated his soldiers and builders. In turn, he burnt everything that the inhabitants of Zoniana had managed to rebuild and departed. This clearly demonstrates that the village of Zoniana was set on fire twice within six months (both in May and November). According to a song of that period the village had been burnt yet another time: “That’s the third time that the village is burnt but even if it is burnt three hundred times we will not obey the Aghas.”The years went by but the inhabitants of Zoniana did not cease to fight the Turks. They went to Gazi and Servili and along with the inhabitants of Milopotamos and Malevizio they trapped the Turks in Heraclion. There is still today in Gazi a location called “Michanes” which took its name from the conduits that the inhabitants of Zoniana dug and then blew up as the Turks were getting closer. During a battle in which the rebels beat a hasty retreat, they left the flag behind. The inhabitant of Zoniana Michalis Kavvalos or Kaprakis got back and in a cloud of bullets he took it and left. For that reason he was awarded a prize by the Cretan community as the saver of the flag. That is the place where Michalis Nikiforos was killed.During the Balkan Wars thirteen inhabitants of Zoniana sacrificed their lives. During World War II (Northern Epirus – the Battle of Crete – the Greek Occupation) nineteen inhabitants of Zoniana were sacrificed in the name of Greece.Last but not least, during the Greek Civil War another four people lost their lives. Maybe those were the only lives lost in vain however they obeyed to the calls of the Greek government.Text: www.zoniana.gr
The canyon of Zoniana is located south of Zoniana village at the north side of Idi or Psiloritis mountains, Rethimno prefecture. Starting at an altitude of 950m, it ends at the south side of the village at an altitude of 650m.
Through the gorge runs the "serpentine" Oaxis river that has water till spring. The gorge is easily accessible and safe for hiking, as its slope is small. Zoniana village is a mountainous village of Milopotamos province belonging to Rethimnon Prefecture in Crete. It is built on an altitude of about 640 metres. It has a population of about 1,500 inhabitants, the majority of whom are occupied with agriculture and cattle-breeding. It is situated 43km away from the capital city of Heraklion, but it is also a nice excursion from Rethymnon.
Through the gorge runs the "serpentine" Oaxis river that has water till spring. The gorge is easily accessible and safe for hiking, as its slope is small. Zoniana village is a mountainous village of Milopotamos province belonging to Rethimnon Prefecture in Crete. It is built on an altitude of about 640 metres. It has a population of about 1,500 inhabitants, the majority of whom are occupied with agriculture and cattle-breeding. It is situated 43km away from the capital city of Heraklion, but it is also a nice excursion from Rethymnon.
Ο Λάκκος του Μυγερού είναι μια περιοχή που βρίσκεται στη βόρεια πλευρά του Ψηλορείτη στην περιοχή του Λιβαδιώτικου αοριού κοντά στα Λιβάδια αακριβώς κάτω από την κορυφή του Ψηλορείτη σε υψόμετρο 1700 μέτρων και είναι προσβάσιμος με ασφαλτοστρωμένο δρόμο.
Αποτελείται από μια σειρά μικρών και μεγαλύτερων οροπεδίων που αναπτύσσονται κατά μήκος ενός μεγάλου ρήγματος που διατρέχει όλο το βόρειο τμήμα του ψηλορείτη.
Η διάβρωση του εδάφους σχηματίζει τα μικρά οροπέδια (δολίνες) που είναι διάσπαρτα ανάμεσα και πάνω σε καμπυλωτές στο σχήμα κορυφογραμμές.
Απο το Λάκκο του Μυγερού ξεκινάει η ανάβαση σε ένα μοναδικό σε ομορφιά και σχεδιασμό περιπατητικό μονοπάτι που ονομάζεται ‘’η Στρατα του Ψηλορείτη’’ για την κορυφή Τίμιος Σταυρός του Ψηλορείτη (2456 μ), την ψηλότερη κορυφή της Κρήτης με πανοραμική θέα.
Settlement of Livadia district that lies at an altitude of 610m and it is known since 1577.
The name of the village comes from the Dorian krini, testifiying that the village has a very long history indeed. The residents of the settlement participated in the revolutionary war of 1868.
Το Σπήλαιο Σφενδόνη βρίσκεται στα Ζωνιανά και απέχει 43χιλ. από το Ηράκλειο και 52χιλ. από το Ρέθυμνο.
Βρίσκεται ένα χιλιόμετρο Βορειοανατολικά της κοινότητας Ζωνιανών στη θέση Μύρωνο, στις απότομες νότιες πλαγιές του λόφου Χαλέπα. Λίγο πιο χαμηλά από το σπήλαιο, στη θέση Σκαφίδια, υπάρχει μια γραφική πηγή με γάργαρο νερό. Καταλαμβάνει έκταση περίπου 3.000 τ.μ. Στα 270 μέτρα της διαδρομής του υπάρχουν ογκώδεις κολώνες που δημιουργούν δαιδαλώδη διαμερίσματα. Αναρίθμητοι σταλακτίτες και σταλαγμίτες, ποικιλόμορφοι και πολύχρωμοι, διακοσμούν τις αίθουσες του ενώ σε πολλά σημεία υπάρχουν λιθωματικές λεκάνες νερού και μαργαριτάρια σπηλαίων.
Το ειδικό μονοπάτι περιήγησης επιτρέπει την ασφαλή επίσκεψη στο σπήλαιο ακόμα και σε άτομα με ειδικές ανάγκες. Το σπήλαιο είναι μέρος του Φυσικού Πάρκου Ψηλορείτη που με τη σειρά του ανήκει στο Ευρωπαϊκό δίκτυο Γεωπάρκων, ένα δίκτυο προστατευόμενων περιοχών με ιδιαίτερη γεωλογική κληρονομιά που τελεί υπό την αιγίδα της UNESCO.
Αποτελείται από τέσσερις αίθουσες με ανάπτυξη λιθωματικού διακόσμου και μέγιστο μήκος 145 μ. Το σπήλαιο είναι αξιοποιημένο με μήκος τουριστικής διαδρομής περίπου 270 μ. Ανασκαφική έρευνα διενεργήθηκε από την ΚΕ' ΕΠΚΑ στο πρώτο τμήμα, κατά την οποία αποδείχθηκε η χρήση του χώρου κυρίως κατά την ΠΜΙ/ΙΙΑ περίοδο.
Στα Ζωνιανά δημιουργήθηκε ένα μουσείο κέρινων ομοιωμάτων από τον κ. Διονύση Ποταμιάνο. Το μουσείο "ΠΟΤΑΜΙΑΝΟΥ" περιλαμβάνει 87 κέρινα ομοιώματα, που σε φυσικό μέγεθος αναπαριστούν, μπροστά στα μάτια του θεατή, σκηνές από την ιστορία της Κρήτης. Σε ένα ειδικά διαμορφωμένο για το μουσείο χώρο 1000 τετραγωνικών μέτρων και με διακόσμηση ανάλογη της θεματολογίας, προβάλλονται σκηνές όπως του Ελ. Βενιζέλου, του Κορνάρου, του Αρκαδίου, του Θεοτοκόπουλου, του Καζαντζάκη και πολλές άλλες μορφές, που αξίζει να διατηρηθούν στη μνήμη μας.
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