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It is located on the south west of Marathos community (Old national road Heraklion - Rethymno), 9 km after the crossroad for Tylisos village, in Arkalokefalo location.
The entrance is 2,10m. wide and 1 meter high and the total leength of its halls is 153 metres.
Inside the cave there have been found conches, roman, Byzantine and medieval ones, as well as many stalactites and stalagmites. During the Turkish domination the cave was used as a shelter for the Christians.
http://www.tylisos.gr/
Directions of approach: Behind the church of Agios Konstantinos, in Astiraki village by Tylisos municipality, Heraklion region, there is a path which goes through the fields and leads to a torrent. This torrent ends up in Spiliara which literally gulps it.
The entrance of the cave is 1,85m. high and 1,20 metres wide. The hall is big (15,50m.x30m. with a height of 7 metres), with impressive stalactites and stalagmites. The one who enters the cave sees right away in the centre, two pillars of stalagmites which leave a little empty space between them so that a human being can hardly pass through as well as other large complexes of stalagmites.
The cave is inaccessible. In order someone to get inside needs a rope because in the mouth there is an abrupt downshift of 2 metres. It is a gradual chasm with a total tunnel length of 430 metres. There is a lake inside, from what French speleologists say who have explored Spiliara, and it takes special equipment for its exploration. It is the second cave in length in Malevizi Province.
In Spiliara cave the residents of Astiraki were hiding during the 2nd World War, when the Germans were bombing.
The entrance of the cave is 1,85m. high and 1,20 metres wide. The hall is big (15,50m.x30m. with a height of 7 metres), with impressive stalactites and stalagmites. The one who enters the cave sees right away in the centre, two pillars of stalagmites which leave a little empty space between them so that a human being can hardly pass through as well as other large complexes of stalagmites.
The cave is inaccessible. In order someone to get inside needs a rope because in the mouth there is an abrupt downshift of 2 metres. It is a gradual chasm with a total tunnel length of 430 metres. There is a lake inside, from what French speleologists say who have explored Spiliara, and it takes special equipment for its exploration. It is the second cave in length in Malevizi Province.
In Spiliara cave the residents of Astiraki were hiding during the 2nd World War, when the Germans were bombing.
Just 25 kilometers west of Heraklion there is the Santorinios gorge. Its a small gorge which has not been exploited with fairly dense vegetation and several lakes that make its access very difficult.
In the entrance there is a pretty old watermill and in a few meters we face up the lake Azilokampo. After some searching you will find that you can continue, as seems you have reached the end of the gorge and meet a waterfall called Santorinios whose waters fall into a small lake.
It's a magical landscape which hides many natural treasures.
Fodele is between Heraklion and Rethymnon, about 27 km west of Heraklion or 50 km east of Rethymnon. It is closed to Agia Pelagia, the popular tourist resort on the north coast of Heraklion prefecture. Fodele village is well worth seeing. Fodele is built in an area of orange groves and, according to historians, this was the site of the ancient town of Astali, which was the port of ancient Axos. Today, the people of Fodele may have overdone things with too many craft shops selling the same products, and many cheery tavernas squeezed together, but it remains a central destination for visitors to the area, for two main reasons: First, Fodele is very green. A very pretty park next to the main square of Fodele offers shade and a picnic site. Even in the beginning of summer there is water running through it, reminding us why this area is so lush and verdant. We park our car past the huge platanos tree at the main square and we enter the park. We follow the shady path and we start climbing to the older section of Fodele. The route is short and easy and it offers wonderful views across the valley. Unfortunately the views down to the lower newer part of Fodele is not equally charming. For once more we become witnesses of the damage these concrete boxes have done to the landscape of Crete. The houses in the older part of Fodele are old, beautifully decorated with colourful flowers, simple and fitting to their environment. There are also a few new houses here and some of them are beautiful to look at, giving us hope for the future. Everything grows in the fertile valley of Fodele, and the area is known for good oranges and lemons. During the sunny days of the winter and spring, Fodele is a popular destination for the people of Heraklion and nearby villages for Sunday lunch in the many tavernas here. The second reason to stop in Fodele is the El Greco House and Museum. There are plenty of signs showing the way to the Museum, which lies within walking distance, at about 1km from the village centre. A small collection of memorabilia and some interestingly displayed reproductions are housed in a building dating back to the life of this world-renowned painter and renaissance figure. The collection of reproductions of El Greco's paintings, split into small rooms, are hung with back-lighting accentuating their own light and colour. They are full of soulful expression and grace. I particularly liked a painting of a young woman, representing Mary Magdelene (1557), her hand across her breast, looking at breaking clouds, is a thing of great beauty. It is said that El Greco (The Greek), or to use his correct name Domenikos Theotokopolous (1541 to 1614) was born here. This son of Crete travelled to Spain, and in Toledo his most important work, with characteristic elongated faces and bold use of light and colour, was completed. Rediscovered by artists in the late 19 th Century, he is considered an influential figure in the development of art in the 20th Century and into our time. The Museum and the cafe outside open from 9am to 5pm every day apart from Monday. It closes after the summer, at the end of October, to re-open in the spring. Admission is two euros (2005). The building that houses the El Greco Museum is worth a detour to visit, as is the caf? outside, in a building of a similar age. This is the site of an earlier settlement which transplanted itself down to the area of the modern Fodele, again as a means to avoid detection by marauding pirates. Byzantine Churches in Fodele A little before the El Greco Museum there is the 11th or 12th century Church of Annunciation of the Virgin Mary, with fine frescoes (wall paintings) covering many surfaces, patches remain inside the dome, upon tapering columns, and on the undersides of arches. Larger fragments of saintly figures look upon you with soulful eyes from walls and around the altar. It is a small and highly important relic of the mid-Byzantine period. We were asked not to take interior photographs, as none of the frescoes have yet been published, but a visit here will offer memorable views of icon painting from what many say was a 'golden era' for this art form. The opening hours are 8:30 am to 3 pm, apart from Monday when it is closed. The Monastery of Agios Panteleimon in Fodele We have time for one last stop, as another pleasant cypress lined road follows the river bed through orange groves, and it brings us to the Monastery of Agios (Saint) Panteleimon, 5 km from Fodele. Built in the last period of the Venetian occupation, it is in complete harmony with the verdant landscape. During the Turkish occupation, the monastery constituted a centre of the revolutionary action and even though it was severely damaged and pillaged, it preserves the traditional architecture of a monastery. Pronounced Pantel-e-imon, this monastery is dedicated to the patron saint of bakers. We had missed the annual celebration in his honour, sadly, by one day. What remained from the feast were the bunting, alternating Greek flags with those of the two headed Byzantine eagle. You will often see these yellow flags with their black eagle emblem outside churches. The two heads face east and west, symbolising the readiness of Byzantium to deal with threats from either side. The small monastery is closed, although we wait beyond the 4pm time of opening, and can forgive the solitary monk who lives here for any lateness. He must have had his work cut out yesterday, at the feast. A white walled newer section sits comfortably next to a very old building, the former monastery of Agios Panteleimon. This building is awaiting restoration, but gives an indication of the habitat that monks of the middle-ages would occupy. The young monk here, 23 years old, will have replaced the man now lying under a dignified grave in the courtyard, who died in 2003. Realizing that we would need to return on another day, we decided to leave Fodele and head back towards Heraklion, the city that looks so placid from up here, in its blue bay, with the sun now low in the sky, and the protecting mountains behind. NOTE. Just a last word about the monasteries and churches. It is fine to visit these places, but don't expect the door to always be open. If it is, take a look around, and leave a few small coins in the box. Monasteries will offer opening times in most cases, and are closed at midday, between 1pm and 4pm. Visit at around 10am or 5pm and you should not be disappointed. Always respect your environment, and please don't wear beach clothes in these places. It does happen. You may be offered water and a sweet, which you should accept, with thanks.
Astyraki or Astiraki village is in a distance of 15 minutes west of Tylisos Village (13 km) and 24 km far from Heraklion City. It is built in a height of 550 meters, at the foot of Psiloritis Mountain with spectacular view and magnificent caves. The natural life of residents makes them the most long-living of the region. Here, the sacred tree was an Astirakas, a plant used from the ancient years for the production of incense. The ancients Cretans worshipped Apollo as a Stirakit, a tree divinity, the heir of the immemorial god of vegetation. As a matter of fact, there also was the Stirakion Mountain.Nowadays, most of the residents are occupied with agriculture, stock farming and apiculture. There are also considerable cultivations of garden products and of forestal areas. In the sights of the village are also contained: the church of Agios Konstantinos and the impressive Spiliara cave. In the village there are traditional rooms to let.
The church of Panagia in Fodele is dedicated to the Presentation of Virgin Mary and is almost 1 km northwest of the village on the road leading to the museum of El Greco.
The church is a Byzantine building of the 11th century, which has been built up on the half of an older temple of the 6th century which existed on the spot and was an early Christian basilica. The interior of the church has two layers of frescoes, the oldest dating back to the 11th century and the youngest according to the inscription in 1323. Architectural the temple is cruciform with a dome, without narthex, although it is based in Helladic architecture it has several structural and decorative elements that refer to the Constantinople architecture.
Picturesque village west of Tylisos Village, 20 minutes drive from Tylisos (17km) and 28km far from Heraklion City. The settlement is found in a height of 565m. inside an excellent environment with forestal expanses and holm-oak forests of magnificent natural beauty. Here is the impressive Secondary School, built in 1900. At the site of Armanogia there are traces of Hellenistic period while in areas of Trochaliades and Chantakou the ruins of the existing buildings betray the life of the Minoans of the area. In the Sopata area an immense round stone shows us the place of sacrifices, at the period of idolatry. Main occupations of residents are agriculture and stock farming.Points of Interest1. Places of InterestPrimary School (1900), Fountain of AidonochoriIn Armanogia traces of settlement of Hellenistic period Minoan remains in Trochaliades and ChantakouPlate in Sopata area (place of sacrifices)2. Natural Environment Skalia area with a lot of green, Prinias area and Kolenia area until the Chalevro area (approximately 300 acres) with also a lot of green create a lanscape of special interest 3. Useful InformationTel. number of Municipal Department’s office 2810-510222
After Marathos village there is a dirt-road on the right towards Fodele. Around 6 km from the crossroad and 30 kilometers from Heraklion city, on the left of the road there is the Monastery of Agios Panteleimonas at a height of 170 metres. According to the tradition, the monastery was built in the second half of the 17th century (among 1660-1670) by three monks of Agios Antonios in Galinoi, after the destruction of their monastery by pirates. It is located at the boundaries of the Municipality of Tylisos, about a kilometer before Fodele, in an area tight with wild vegetation.
It had the type of a fortress and is surrounded by wall. Next to the gate there is a built-in, marble inscription with the year 1977 (the establishment of the monastery is being located a few years before) and on the lintel there is an inscription with the year 1861 (that was when the great renovation was being made, by Neofytos Pediotis).
Outside the monastery, 100 meters west of the entrance, an arched water tank is being saved (it was built in 1866 as the built-in inscription indicates), with a very old fountain in front of it. The monastery of Agios Panteleimonas always had its gates open to the rebels and that’s why has repeatedly suffered destructions from the Turks.
In 1824, it was plundered and ruined by the Turk-Egyptians of Husein. At the second year of the revolution of 1866, it was burnt down by the men of Resit Efenti. Yet, in the biggest destruction of the monastery the Turks had no interference. In 1972, the abbey and all the cells of the monks were pulled down, except of two. It is said that the reason that prescribed this act was the… expectation that a treasure would be found, which was believed to be buried in the foundation of the monastery. Nowadays in Agios Panteleimonas lives only one monk.Contact Number: +30 28 10 52 13 41
It had the type of a fortress and is surrounded by wall. Next to the gate there is a built-in, marble inscription with the year 1977 (the establishment of the monastery is being located a few years before) and on the lintel there is an inscription with the year 1861 (that was when the great renovation was being made, by Neofytos Pediotis).
Outside the monastery, 100 meters west of the entrance, an arched water tank is being saved (it was built in 1866 as the built-in inscription indicates), with a very old fountain in front of it. The monastery of Agios Panteleimonas always had its gates open to the rebels and that’s why has repeatedly suffered destructions from the Turks.
In 1824, it was plundered and ruined by the Turk-Egyptians of Husein. At the second year of the revolution of 1866, it was burnt down by the men of Resit Efenti. Yet, in the biggest destruction of the monastery the Turks had no interference. In 1972, the abbey and all the cells of the monks were pulled down, except of two. It is said that the reason that prescribed this act was the… expectation that a treasure would be found, which was believed to be buried in the foundation of the monastery. Nowadays in Agios Panteleimonas lives only one monk.Contact Number: +30 28 10 52 13 41
Kamariotis is a mountainous village west of Tylisos Village. It is built in a beautiful location, at a height of 620 meters and in a distance only 25 minutes (15, 5 km) from Tylisos and 27 km far from Heraklion City. The last few years the residents return for permanent installation, they recondition the old stone houses and the village is coming back to life. At a central point, there is the three-kliti (“klitos” is the aisle that divides the Christian church in two parts, or more if there are more than one klitos) arch-covered church of Agios Georgios, built in the 16th century. On the lintel of the west gate there is the lion of Agios Markos and on the bow of the central klitos the two-headed eagle, the blazon of the Byzantine family of the Kalergis.The two-kliti Byzantine church of Virgin Mary, which is located at the edge of the village, has remarkable wall paintings and a tomb inside it. In the square of the village there is a Turkish fountain and next to it built barbeques and bakers. It is there, where the feast of Agios Georgios takes place in April and that of Virgin Mary on the 15th of August, with treat from the cultural association. In November, at the same place, the boiling of raki is being made, with appetizers. Here, there is a tavern with traditional food, where the visitor can enjoy the local cuisine.At the western exit of Kamariotis there is a dirt-road that leads to Tripiti, where there is an impressive natural monument: huge rocks create “labyrinths” and compose strange shapes.For a short walk, there is a path offered that goes through the oak-forest, a wonderful forest of oaks, locust trees, holms and the beautiful churches of Kamariotis, which extends almost to the village of Aidonochori. According to a local legend, the church bell of Agios Georgios had a golden bullet and a tremendous sound that could be heard as far as Chania. When the Turks came to the island, the residents hid the bell, probably in a hollow of the rock above which the church is built, and no-one ever saw it again… In 2004 renovating works of the Agios Georgios’s church started and the hopes that the bell with the golden bullet would be found were reanimated.Residents’ main occupation is agriculture.Points of Interest1. Places of InterestSquare – Venetian FountainChurches: Agios Georgios of 16th century, a two aisled Byzantine Church of Saint Mary2. Natural Environment "Tripiti” area with impressive natural sculptures in rocks.The whole region “Kremasto-Achlada-Armi-Kapsida” can be characterised as an area of special interest due to the opulent vegetation and due to the Forest with oaks, locust trees and pine trees, where there is an old watermill. Generally, the total lanscape with view towards Psiloritis Mountain is characterised as an area of special natural beauty.3. Useful InformationCultural Association - EventsFestival of Agios Georgios on 23rd of AprilFestival of Virgin Mary on 15th of AugustEvents on Good FridayFestival of Raki on November4. Accomodation – Gastronomy – Recreation AreasTraditional Tavern, Cultural Association’s cafeteria in the square, Cultural association’s rooms to let.
In a distance of 30 minutes away from Tylisos Village (19, 5 km) and 29 km far from Heraklion City is Damasta, built amphitheatrically in a wonderful planted valley that seems even more beautiful between the mountains (see Psiloritis Mountains). The village had been completely destroyed by the Germans. Only few houses were left, in which the German garrison was settled, and the churches. The oldest of them all is the two-aisle church of Agios Nikolaos and the one of Virgin Mary (Panagia), built during the Venetian rule, with many elements of the Venetian architecture in its form and layout. Funnily enough, its bethel was located on the north side, not on the east as usual, but during a renovation it was placed to its right position. The other old church of the village is that of Agios Georgios and Agios Dimitrios. It is not known when it was built, but its chancel was made in 1795. It was renovated in 1894. Under the church of Agios Georgios and Dimitrios, the local cultural association has created a small folkloric museum.In Damasta you can stay in the marvellous traditional mansion as well as u taste unique flavours from the traditional tavern of the village. The main occupation is agriculture and stock-farming follows. Also, residents are occupied with apiculture and peaches are produced.Points of Interest1. Places of InterestChurches: Venetian one of Agios Nikolaos & Virgin Mary, Agios Georgios and Agios Dimitrios of 17th centuryFolkloric Museum of cultural SocietyKeratidi – Monument of those killed during the period of National Resistance. 2. Natural Environment An area of special interest is an area with pines in the location of “Koufaliarous” as well as the geomorphological formations of high hills.Damasta Cave3. Useful InformationTel. Number of Municipal Department’s Office 2810-521211Service of citizens on issues of Farmers’ Security Organisation takes place every Tuesday in Marathos village.QuarryCultural Society - EventsAgios Georgios FestivalVirgin Mary’s festival on 15/84. Accomodation – Gastronomy – Recreation AreasTavern: Damasta, Accomodation: Traditional Mansion Agrotikon, traditional cafeteria
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